Who qualifies

Informed Consent: Choices, Risks and a Claim Check

A consent question concerns what was explained before care, as well as the harm that followed. A signed form alone does not decide the claim.

See If You Qualify

Free · No obligation · About 2 minutes

Updated Oct 4, 202613 sources

This may apply to you if

  • Describe the treatment, place, dates and the harm you want checked.
  • Bring the care, billing and work-loss records you have. Mark missing or uncertain details.
  • Show any consent form, complaint response, court notice or signed fee agreement.

What the public record says

These are cited sources. Their inclusion does not imply that they endorse People’s Justice or reviewed this page.

Justice Mosk · Supreme Court of California · Author of the cited 1972 California majority opinion

Finding: The court distinguished a poor operative result from proof of negligent care and discussed the disclosure and causal elements of informed consent. The judgment was reversed for retrial, not an award to today’s reader.

Cobbs v. Grant: original California majority opinion (opens in a new tab) · Oct 27, 1972 · Checked Oct 4, 2026

The short answer

Who may qualify for a claim about informed consent?
The care, disclosure and resulting harm need review. Ask what choices and important risks were explained. A signed form alone does not answer every consent question. [1]
What does not qualify as proof from an undisclosed risk alone?
A risk occurring is not the whole claim. The disclosure and link between care and harm matter. The actual circumstances and exceptions need review. [13]
What if care changed or the patient could not decide?
Keep the planned and actual procedure details. Explain who made decisions and why. Ask which consent rule fits the circumstances. [13]
What consent records help, and how do I get them?
Save forms, procedure papers and written care information. Note questions and answers you remember. Ask for the patient records within your access rights. [8]

What rules a case out

Not covered by this case

  • A poor result does not by itself prove the care fell below the required standard.
  • An online inquiry does not establish representation, payment or a personal filing deadline.

The process

What happens next

  1. 01

    You answer a few questions

    About two minutes. Nothing is sent until you agree on the last step and press submit.

  2. 02

    A lawyer looks at it

    A lawyer at the firm reads your answers and checks them against the current case criteria.

  3. 03

    The firm decides and gets in touch

    If the firm takes your case, you get the terms in writing to read before you sign. You can always say no.

The criteria attorneys check

  1. 01

    Describe the treatment, place, dates and the harm you want checked.

  2. 02

    Bring the care, billing and work-loss records you have. Mark missing or uncertain details.

  3. 03

    Show any consent form, complaint response, court notice or signed fee agreement.

  4. 04

    These are preparation prompts, not firm acceptance rules. A lawyer must check the care, cause, losses and state filing rules.

A consent question concerns what was explained before care, as well as the harm that followed. A signed form alone does not decide the claim. Keep the discussion and procedure records for review.

What does not qualify as proof from an undisclosed risk alone?

A risk occurring is not the whole claim. The disclosure and link between care and harm matter. The actual circumstances and exceptions need review.

The California Cobbs majority discussed meaningful choices, disclosure and whether adequate information would have changed the decision. It reversed the judgment for retrial. A known complication or consent concern is not an automatic award, nor does the historical opinion decide every current state’s law.

What if care changed or the patient could not decide?

Keep the planned and actual procedure details. Explain who made decisions and why. Ask which consent rule fits the circumstances.

Cobbs distinguished performing a different operation from failing to disclose a risk of the agreed operation, and discussed emergency and capacity issues. Those are legal distinctions, not permission to guess a patient’s authority. Ask a lawyer about the facts and a clinician about ongoing care needs.

Find out where you stand.

The review is free and private. Asking for it doesn’t commit you to anything.

Register your interest

Sources

  1. California Judicial Council: 2026 medical-negligence jury instructionsCalifornia Judicial Council: 2026 medical-negligence jury instructions · court
  2. California CCP340.5: professional-negligence filing timeCalifornia CCP340.5: professional-negligence filing time · regulator
  3. California CCP364: notice before a professional-negligence actionCalifornia CCP364: notice before a professional-negligence action · regulator
  4. California Civil Code3333.2: limits on specified lossesCalifornia Civil Code3333.2: limits on specified losses · regulator
  5. New York CPLR3012-a: certificate of meritNew York CPLR3012-a: certificate of merit · regulator
  6. New York CPLR214-a: medical-malpractice time rulesNew York CPLR214-a: medical-malpractice time rules · regulator
  7. Medical Board of California: complaint process and jurisdictionMedical Board of California: complaint process and jurisdiction · regulator
  8. HHS: patient access to care and billing recordsHHS: patient access to care and billing records · regulator
  9. ABA Model Rule1.5: fee scope and case expensesABA Model Rule1.5: fee scope and case expenses
  10. Bates et al.: original inpatient-safety cohort (2023)Bates et al.: original inpatient-safety cohort (2023) · study
  11. AHRQ: questions before, during and after careAHRQ: questions before, during and after care · regulator
  12. FDA Issues Class I Recalls for Medline Surgical Kits Containing Pain Medicationapi.fda.gov · Aug 3, 2026 · regulator
  13. Cobbs v. Grant: original California majority opinion

Checked against 13 primary sources by People's Justice editors · Updated

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People's Justice research team · Updated Oct 4, 2026